Tubalan Ma'auni (wanda galibi ake kira tubalan Jo) suna aiki a matsayin babban ma'aunin zahiri don nazarin ma'aunin girma a duk duniya. Kowane ma'aunin ma'aunin micrometer, sifili na ma'aunin tsayi, dana'urar aunawa mai daidaitawaBinciken axis na (CMM) yana bin diddigin tsarin girmansa zuwa tarin tubalan ma'auni masu lanƙwasa waɗanda aka tabbatar da su ta hanyar amfani da na'urorin aunawa na laser.
Zaɓin kayan da ba daidai ba ko daidaito yana haifar da ƙananan kurakuran zafi, gazawar murɗewa, da lalacewa mara amfani. Saitin daidaita Grade K da aka yi niyya don dakin gwaje-gwajen kula da muhalli zai lalace da sauri idan aka sanya shi a kan bene mai mai, yayin da simintin ƙarfe mai ƙarfi da aka yi amfani da shi don saita kwatancen daidaito mai ƙarfi yana haifar da rashin tabbas mara yarda.
Fahimtar daidaiton maki, kimiyyar lissafi, da kuma yanayin karkacewa yana tabbatar da ingancin tsarin ku yana kiyaye sarkar bin diddigin metrology ba tare da wata matsala ba.
1. Zaɓar Maki Mai Daidaito (ISO 3650 / ASME B89.1.9)
Ka'idojin ƙasa da ƙasa sun rarraba tubalan ma'auni zuwa manyan maki huɗu bisa ga bambancin tsayi da juriyar lanƙwasa:
+--------------------+------------------------------------------+ | Daidaito Maki | Babban Aikace-aikacen | Muhalli na Aiki | +----------------------------+----------------------------------------------------+ | Daraja K (Calib.) | Babban ma'auni don daidaita dakin gwaje-gwaje | Dakin gwaje-gwaje masu tsauri (20°C ±0.1°C zuwa ±0.2°C) | | Daraja 0 | Daidaito ma'aunin aiki/sikelin | Dakin gwaje-gwajen dubawa (20°C ±0.5°C) | | Daraja 1 | Saita ma'aunin bugun bene/tsawo na shago | Tashar tsafta mai tsafta (20°C ±1.0°C)| | Daraja 2 | Yin kayan aiki masu tsauri da saitin shago | Dakin shagon injin gabaɗaya | +--------------- ...Darasi na K (Matsayin Daidaitawa)
Tubalan aji K suna ɗauke da mafi tsaurin tsayi da juriyar daidaitawa, amma ba a amfani da su don ma'aunin yau da kullun ba. Aikinsu kawai shine daidaita tubalan ma'aunin aiki (Mataki na 0 ko 1). Dakunan gwaje-gwaje da ke aiki da saitin K na Grade K suna buƙatar ma'aunin interferometer mai inganci ko masu kwatanta injina don kama bambance-bambancen micro-inch.
Aji 0 da Aji 1
Aji 0 yana aiki a matsayin ma'aunin aiki a cikin ɗakunan dubawa masu kula da yanayi don daidaita micrometers, zoben saitawa, da na'urorin lantarki. Tubalan Aji 1 suna kula da duba daidaito gabaɗaya a kan bene na shago inda canjin zafin jiki ke kasancewa a cikin matsakaicin iyaka.
2. Zaɓin Kayan Aiki: Karfe vs. Carbide vs. Yumbu
Zaɓar kayan da suka dace yana buƙatar daidaita daidaiton faɗaɗa zafi, juriyar lalacewa, da kuma garkuwar tsatsa.
+-----------------------------------------------+----------------------------+--------------------------+ | Kayan Aiki | Karfe (Alloy) | Tungsten Carbide | Yumbu (Zirconia) | +------------------------------------------+----------------------------+--------------------------+ | Faɗaɗawar Zafi. | ~11.5 x 10^-6 /°C | ~4.2 zuwa 5.0 x 10^-6 /°C| ~9.5 zuwa 10.0 x 10^-6 /°C| | Tauri / Rayuwar Sawa | Tushe (Matsakaici) | Mafi Girma (~10x) | Mafi Kyau (~15x) | | Juriyar Tsatsa | Ƙasa (Yana buƙatar mai) | Mai Girma | Marasa Karfi (Ba Ya Tsatsa) | | Halayyar Burr | Yana ɗaga Burr | Mai Juriyar ...Karfe
Karfe ya kasance zaɓin gargajiya kuma mai rahusa. Matsakaicin faɗaɗa zafi yana daidai da sassan injinan ƙarfe na yau da kullun, yana rage bambance-bambancen faɗaɗawa yayin duba bene na shago. Duk da haka, ƙarfe yana buƙatar ci gaba da shafa mai don hana tsatsa da ƙaiƙayi cikin sauƙi lokacin da aka fallasa shi ga tsatsa.
Tungsten Carbide
Carbide yana da juriyar lalacewa sau goma fiye da ƙarfen kayan aiki. Babban ƙarfinsa da juriyarsa na karce sun sa ya dace da tashoshin dubawa masu yawan girma. Duk da haka, ƙarancin ƙarfin faɗaɗa zafi (~ 4.5 × 10⁻⁶/C) yana buƙatar abubuwan gyara na thermal masu kyau lokacin auna sassan ƙarfe a yanayin zafi nesa da 20℃.
Zirconia yumbu
Yumburan Zirconia ya zama kayan da aka fi so ga dakunan gwaje-gwaje na zamani masu inganci. Tubalan yumbu ba su da tsatsa kwata-kwata, ba su da maganadisu, kuma ba sa jure wa ƙananan ƙuraje. Zubar da tubalan yumbu ba zai ɗaga ƙura ba; kawai yana narkewa cikin tsabta ba tare da ɓatar da filayen da ke kewaye da su ba. Bugu da ƙari, ƙimar faɗaɗa zafinsa (~ 9.8 × 10⁻⁶/C) tana kama da ƙarfe, tana sauƙaƙa lissafin diyya na zafin jiki.
3. Abubuwan da ke Faruwa da Ingancin Fuskar
Rufewa—tsarin zame tubalan ma'auni guda biyu masu tsabta tare ƙarƙashin ƙaramin matsin lamba don su manne ba tare da mannewa na waje ba—ya dogara ne akan hulɗar kwayoyin halitta mai faɗi da jan hankalin kwayoyin halitta a cikin ƙananan fina-finan ruwa.
HANYAR RUSHEWA Toshe A (Sama) [=============================]=" ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ <-- Fim ɗin mai mai siriri sosai (sikelin nanomita) Toshe B (Ƙasa) [==============================]=" --> Jan hankalin kwayoyin halitta + matsin lamba na yanayi suna riƙe tubalan tare sosai.Yin nasara wajen murƙushewa yana buƙatar kyakkyawan yanayin saman. Idan tushen tubalin ma'auni ko fuskar aunawa yana da ƙurar karce, ƙurar iska, ko tarin fim ɗin mai, gibin murƙushewa zai faɗaɗa da ɗaruruwan nanometers, wanda hakan zai sa ma'aunin maki 0 ya zama ba shi da inganci.
A wurin samar da kayayyaki na Jinan, kiyaye daidaiton daidaito don ma'aunin ciki ya dogara ne akan haɗa tubalan ma'aunin yumbu da ƙarfe tare da faranti na saman dutse baƙi na ZHHIMG® (≈ 3100 kg/m³). Saboda dutse mai yawan yawa yana ba da tushe mara aiki, mara maganadisu, mai ƙananan laps a cikin bita na yanayin zafi mai tsayi na mita 10,000, masu fasaha na iya murzawa da tabbatar da tubalan ba tare da tsangwama ga girgizar ƙasa ba wanda ke canza karatun tsayi.
4. Daidaita Bin Diddigin Muhalli da Kula da Muhalli
Siyan tubalan masu inganci ba shi da wani amfani idan yanayin aunawa ba shi da kwanciyar hankali a muhalli da kuma bin diddigin yanayin ƙasa.
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Jikewar Zafin Jiki: Kafin a daidaita ko a murɗe, a bar tubalan da kayan aikin su jiƙa a cikin dakin gwaje-gwajen da ke kula da yanayi (20 ℃) na akalla awanni 2 zuwa 4. Yin amfani da tubalan kai tsaye da hannuwa marasa komai yana tura zafin jiki nan take, yana faɗaɗa tubalan 100 mm da cikakken micron cikin daƙiƙa kaɗan. Kullum a yi amfani da maƙullan hannu ko safar hannu na auduga da aka rufe.
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Bin diddigin Dakunan Gwaji na Ƙasa: Tabbatar da cewa takaddun shaida na daidaitawa sun samo asali ne daga cibiyoyin da aka amince da su waɗanda aka gano a cibiyoyin nazarin ƙasa (NIM, PTB, NPL, ko NIST). Kowace ƙa'idar kayan aiki da aka yi amfani da ita a ZHHIMG tana ɗauke da tabbatar da daidaito da cibiyoyin nazarin ƙasa na larduna da na ƙasa suka bayar.
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Ka'idojin Tsaftacewa: Tsaftace tubalan kafin da bayan amfani ta amfani da gogaggun da ba su da sinadarin optical da kuma goge-goge marasa sinadarin acid. Dole ne a shafa wa setin ƙarfe petrolatum mai ɗanɗano kafin a ajiye su.
Jerin Binciken Aiki na Injiniyoyi Masu Inganci
Lokacin da kake zaɓar tubalan ma'auni don wurinka:
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Haɗa kayan tubalin da kayan aikinka: Zaɓi yumbu don duba ƙarfe gabaɗaya da amfani da shi a ɗakin tsaftacewa; zaɓi carbide don yanayin wurin aiki mai lalacewa.
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A ajiye tubalan Grade K da Grade 0 a cikin ɗakunan da ke daidaita yanayin zafi (20°C ± 0.5°C).
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Kada a taɓa ajiye tubalan da aka naɗe su cikin dare ɗaya. Yin walda da sanyi da danshi a yanayi na iya sa fuskoki su taɓa juna har abada.
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Tabbatar da lanƙwasa na farantin saman da kake amfani da shi (DIN 876 Grade 00) kafin saita wuraren kwatantawa don guje wa kurakuran karkatar da tushe.
Ta hanyar daidaita ma'aunin, kayan aiki, da tsarin sarrafawa zuwa takamaiman yanayin aunawa, dakin gwaje-gwajenku yana kiyaye tushen tunani mai ƙarfi ga kowane samfurin da ya bar masana'antar ku.
Lokacin Saƙo: Agusta-06-2026