A fannin injunan alamar laser matakin picosecond, daidaito shine babban alamar kimanta aikin kayan aiki. Tushen, a matsayin babban mai ɗaukar kayan aiki ga tsarin laser da abubuwan da suka dace, kayan sa kai tsaye yana shafar daidaiton sarrafawa. Granite da ƙarfe siminti, a matsayin manyan kayan tushe guda biyu, suna da manyan bambance-bambance a cikin halayen rage daidaito yayin sarrafa matakin picosecond mai kyau. Wannan labarin zai yi nazari sosai kan fa'idodi da rashin amfanin aikin biyu don samar da tushen kimiyya don haɓaka kayan aiki.
Sifofin kayan aiki suna ƙayyade ainihin tushe
Granite a zahiri dutse ne mai kama da dutse mai kama da dutse wanda aka samar ta hanyar tsarin ƙasa tsawon ɗaruruwan miliyoyin shekaru. Tsarin lu'ulu'u na ciki yana da yawa kuma iri ɗaya ne, tare da ma'aunin faɗaɗawa mai layi ƙasa da 0.5-8 × 10⁻⁶/℃, wanda yayi daidai da na ƙarfen ƙarfe kamar ƙarfe na indium. Wannan halayyar yana sa canjin girmansa ya zama ba shi da mahimmanci lokacin da zafin jiki na yanayi ya canza, yana guje wa kuskuren hanyar gani da kurakuran injiniya waɗanda faɗaɗawa da matsewar zafi ke haifarwa. Bugu da ƙari, yawan granite yana da girman 2.6-2.8g /cm³, wanda a zahiri yana da kyakkyawan ƙarfin shaƙar girgiza. Yana iya rage girgizar da ake samu cikin sauri yayin sarrafa laser, yana tabbatar da kwanciyar hankali na tsarin gani da sassan motsi.
Ana amfani da tushen ƙarfen siminti sosai saboda kyakkyawan aikin simintin da fa'idodinsa na farashi. Tsarin flake graphite na ƙarfen simintin toka yana ba shi wasu ayyukan damping, wanda zai iya shan kusan kashi 30% zuwa 50% na kuzarin girgiza. Duk da haka, yawan faɗaɗa zafi na ƙarfen simintin yana da kusan 10-12 × 10⁻⁶/℃, wanda ya ninka na granite sau 2-3. A ƙarƙashin tarin zafi da aka samar ta hanyar ci gaba da sarrafawa na dogon lokaci, nakasar girma tana iya faruwa. A halin yanzu, akwai damuwa ta simintin siminti a cikin ƙarfen simintin. Yayin da ake sakin damuwa yayin amfani, yana iya haifar da canje-canje marasa canzawa a cikin lanƙwasa da kuma daidaituwar tushe.
Tsarin rage daidaito a cikin aikin picosecond
Tsarin sarrafa laser na Picosecond, tare da halayen bugunsa na ɗan gajeren lokaci, zai iya cimma ingantaccen aiki a matakin sub-micron ko ma matakin nanometer, amma kuma yana da ƙa'idodi masu tsauri don kwanciyar hankali na kayan aiki. Tushen granite, tare da tsarin ciki mai ƙarfi, zai iya sarrafa amsawar girgiza a matakin sub-micron a ƙarƙashin tasirin laser mai yawan mita, yana kiyaye daidaiton matsayi na mayar da hankali kan laser. Bayanan da aka auna sun nuna cewa injin alamar laser tare da tushen granite har yanzu yana riƙe da karkacewar faɗin layi a cikin ±0.5μm bayan ci gaba da sarrafa picosecond na awanni 8.
Idan aka fallasa tushen ƙarfen simintin ga girgiza mai yawan mita na laser picosecond, tsarin hatsi na ciki zai fuskanci gajiya mai zurfi saboda ci gaba da tasiri, wanda ke haifar da raguwar taurin tushe. Bayanan sa ido daga wani kamfanin kera semiconductor sun nuna cewa bayan watanni shida na aiki, daidaiton sarrafawa na kayan aiki tare da tushen ƙarfen siminti ya kai kashi 12%, galibi yana bayyana a matsayin ƙaruwar ƙaiƙayin gefuna na layi da faɗaɗa kurakuran matsayi. A halin yanzu, ƙarfen simintin yana da ɗan laushi ga danshi na muhalli. Amfani na dogon lokaci yana da saurin tsatsa, yana ƙara hanzarta lalacewar daidaito.
Tabbatar da bambance-bambancen aiki a aikace-aikace masu amfani
A fannin sarrafa sassan lantarki masu daidaito na 3C, wani sanannen kamfani ya gudanar da gwajin kwatantawa kan aikin kayan aiki na nau'ikan tushe guda biyu na kayan aiki. A cikin gwajin, an sanya wa injunan alama na laser picosecond guda biyu masu tsari iri ɗaya kayan aikin granite da ƙarfe don yankewa da yiwa gilashin allon wayar hannu alama da faɗin 0.1mm. Bayan awanni 200 na ci gaba da sarrafawa, ƙimar riƙe daidaiton sarrafa kayan aikin tushen granite shine kashi 98.7%, yayin da na kayan aikin tushen ƙarfe mai siminti shine kashi 86.3% kawai. Gefun gilashin da aka sarrafa sun nuna lahani a bayyane.
A fannin kera sassan sararin samaniya, bayanan sa ido na dogon lokaci na wani cibiyar bincike suna nuna bambance-bambancen a hankali: Injin alamar laser mai tushen granite yana da raguwar daidaiton tarawa na ƙasa da 3μm a cikin tsawon shekaru biyar na sabis; Duk da haka, bayan shekaru uku, kuskuren sarrafawa na kayan aikin tushen ƙarfe da aka yi da nakasar tushe ya wuce matsayin tsari na ±10μm, kuma dole ne a aiwatar da daidaiton injin gabaɗaya.
Shawarwari don haɓaka shawarwari
Idan kamfanoni suka ɗauki ingantaccen aiki mai dorewa da kuma dogon lokaci a matsayin babban buƙatunsu, musamman a fannoni kamar guntuwar semiconductor da kayan aikin gani na daidai, tushen granite, tare da ingantaccen kwanciyar hankali na zafi da juriyar girgiza, zaɓi ne mai kyau na haɓakawa. Kodayake farashin siyan sa na farko ya fi kashi 30% zuwa 50% sama da na ƙarfen siminti, daga hangen nesa na cikakken farashin zagayowar rayuwa, raguwar mitar daidaita daidaito da lokacin aiki don gyarawa na iya haɓaka fa'idodin gabaɗaya. Ga yanayin aikace-aikace tare da ƙarancin buƙatun daidaiton sarrafawa da ƙarancin kasafin kuɗi, har yanzu ana iya amfani da sansanonin ƙarfe na siminti azaman mafita na canji a ƙarƙashin manufar sarrafa yanayin amfani da hankali.
Ta hanyar kwatanta halayen rage daidaito na granite da ƙarfen siminti a cikin sarrafa matakin picosecond, za a iya ganin cewa zaɓar kayan tushe da suka dace muhimmin mataki ne na inganta daidaiton sarrafawa da amincin injin alamar laser. Kamfanoni ya kamata, bisa la'akari da buƙatun fasaha da la'akari da farashi, su yanke shawara kan kimiyya kan shirin haɓaka tushe don samar da tushe mai ƙarfi don kera kayan aiki masu inganci.
Lokacin Saƙo: Mayu-22-2025