A fannin samar da kayayyaki na masana'antu masu inganci da kuma binciken kimiyya na zamani, dandamalin dutse mai kyau tare da kyakkyawan aikin girgizar ƙasa ya zama muhimmin kayan aiki don tabbatar da ci gaba mai kyau na ayyuka daban-daban masu inganci. Tsarinsa mai tsauri na kimanta girgiza yana ba da garanti mai inganci ga yanayin aiki da yawa waɗanda ke da matuƙar saurin girgiza.
Da farko, tushen tantance matakin tabbatar da girgizar ƙasa na dandamalin dutse
Halayen Kayan Aiki: An yi dandalin granite da dutse na halitta, bayan miliyoyin shekaru na ayyukan ƙasa, tsarin lu'ulu'u na ciki yana da tsari mai kyau kuma yana da daidaito sosai. Wannan tsari na musamman yana ba granite ƙarancin saurin canjin modulus na roba, idan aka kwatanta da sauran kayan gama gari kamar ƙarfe, zai iya sarrafa lalacewar robarsa a cikin ƙaramin kewayon. Dangane da ƙudurin cibiyoyin gwaji masu iko, lalacewar robar granite a cikin yanayin gwajin girgiza na yau da kullun shine 1/10-1/20 kawai na kayan ƙarfe na yau da kullun, wanda ke shimfida harsashi mai ƙarfi na kayan aiki don babban aikin girgizar ƙasa na dandamali.
Tsarin gini: Daga mahangar tsarin macro, an tsara dandamalin granite tare da ingantaccen siffar geometric da tsarin tallafi. An ƙididdige rabon tsayi-faɗi-tsawo na dandamalin a hankali don tabbatar da daidaiton cibiyar nauyi da rage haɗarin girgiza da girgiza ke haifarwa. A lokaci guda, ana tsara rarraba wuraren tallafi bisa ga ka'idodin makanikai, wanda zai iya rarraba nauyin abubuwan da aka sanya a kan dandamali daidai gwargwado da ƙarfin tasirin da girgizar waje ke haifarwa. Misali, a cikin babban dandamalin granite, ana amfani da tsarin tallafi mai maki da yawa, kuma kuskuren nisan da ke tsakanin wuraren tallafi da ke kusa ana sarrafa shi a cikin ±0.05mm, wanda ke guje wa yawan damuwa na gida da kuma ƙara inganta ƙarfin girgizar ƙasa na dandamalin.
2. Cikakkun bayanai da yanayin amfani na kowane matakin kariya daga girgiza
Matsayin da ba ya haifar da girgiza (Matsayi na I na juriya ga girgiza)
Ma'aunin girgiza: A cikin kewayon mitar girgizar ƙasa da aka kwaikwayi (0.1Hz-100Hz), ƙimar kololuwar girgizar ƙasa a kowane matsayi a saman dandamalin ba ta wuce 0.001mm ba. Idan aka samu cikas ga girgizar ƙasa mai ƙarancin mita da aikin manyan injunan da ke kewaye suka haifar (kamar girgizar kayan aikin injin mai nauyi a mita kusan 1Hz-10Hz), kayan aikin aunawa masu inganci waɗanda aka sanya a kan dandamali, kamar na'urar hangen nesa ta atomic, canjin ƙaura tsakanin na'urar aunawa da samfurin da aka auna ba shi da yawa, yana tabbatar da cewa daidaiton aunawa a sikelin nano ba ya shafar.
Yanayin amfani: Ana amfani da shi galibi a cikin tsarin lithography na kera guntu na semiconductor. Kera guntu yana buƙatar daidaiton lithographic mai yawa, kuma faɗin layi ya kai matakin nanometer. A cikin tsarin lithography, dandamalin granite yana buƙatar samar da tallafi mai ɗorewa ga injin lithography, ware girgizar da aikin wasu kayan aiki ke haifarwa a cikin bitar, da kuma tabbatar da daidaitaccen canja wurin tsarin lithography, don haka yana inganta yawan amfanin masana'antar guntu sosai. A cewar ƙididdigar masana'antu, amfani da layin kera guntu wanda ya dace da daidaitaccen dandamalin granite na matakin farko ya ƙara yawan amfanin da kashi 15%-20% idan aka kwatanta da amfani da dandamali na yau da kullun.
Matsayin hana girgiza na Mataki na 2 (yanayin daidaito mai girma)
Ma'aunin Fitar da Girgiza: ƙarƙashin mitar girgiza ta 0.1Hz-100Hz, ana sarrafa kololuwar ficewar girgizar saman dandamali cikin 0.005mm. Don gwaje-gwajen gano ƙwayoyin cuta masu ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta da aka gudanar a dakunan gwaje-gwajen bincike na kimiyya a jami'o'i, kamar gwaje-gwajen na'urar duba na'urar gano ƙwayoyin cuta (STM), wannan matakin aikin hana girgiza zai iya tabbatar da cewa matsayin da ke tsakanin ƙarshen STM da samfurin ya tabbata koda kuwa akwai wasu hanyoyin girgiza na al'ada kamar ma'aikata da ke motsawa a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje da kayan aiki da ke motsawa a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje. Don haka, an kama bayanan yanayin adadi na ƙwayoyin cuta masu ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta daidai, wanda ke ba da garanti ga masu bincike don samun ingantattun bayanan gwaji.
Yanayin amfani: Ana amfani da shi sosai a cikin kera kayan aiki masu inganci, kamar tsarin gyara daidaiton samar da daidaiton lantarki mai inganci. Ma'aunin lantarki yana da matuƙar saurin girgiza, har ma da ƙananan girgiza na iya haifar da karkacewa a sakamakon aunawa. Dandalin granite, wanda ya cika ma'aunin juriyar girgiza na mataki na biyu, zai iya samar da yanayi mai ɗorewa don daidaitawa da aiwatar da daidaiton lantarki, tabbatar da cewa daidaiton ma'aunin ya kai matakin microgram, da kuma biyan buƙatun masana'antu don daidaiton ma'aunin nauyi mai girma kamar gano magunguna da kayan ado.
Ma'aunin kariya daga girgiza mai matakai uku (yanayin daidaito mai girma)
Ma'aunin motsa jiki na girgiza: a cikin kewayon mitar girgiza na 0.1Hz-100Hz, matsakaicin motsi na girgiza na saman dandamali bai wuce 0.01mm ba. Lokacin fuskantar girgizar da aka samar ta hanyar aikin kayan aiki masu matsakaicin girma waɗanda aka saba amfani da su a cikin masana'antar bita (yawancin girgizar gabaɗaya shine 10Hz-50Hz), kayan aikin aunawa na yau da kullun da aka sanya akan dandamalin granite, kamar kayan aikin aunawa na daidaitawa, na iya kiyaye daidaiton ma'auni ya tabbata, kuma ana sarrafa karkacewar bayanan aunawa a cikin ƙaramin kewayon.
Yanayin amfani: Ya dace da auna daidaito a masana'antar sassan mota. Daidaiton injinan tubalin silinda na injin mota, kayan watsawa da sauran sassa kai tsaye yana shafar aiki da amincin mota. A cikin auna waɗannan sassan, dandamalin granite na aikin kariya daga girgiza guda uku na iya ware kayan aikin bita yadda ya kamata, don tabbatar da cewa kayan aikin auna daidaitawa suna auna girman sassan daidai, tsari da juriyar matsayi da sauran sigogi, don samar da tallafi mai ƙarfi don sarrafa ingancin sassan mota, inganta samar da ƙimar wucewar sassan mota.
Gwaji na uku, gwaji mai inganci don tabbatar da cewa matakin girgizar ƙasa ya cika ƙa'idar
Domin tabbatar da cewa kowace dandamalin dutse za ta iya cika ka'idojin matakin kariya daga girgizar ƙasa, mun kafa tsarin duba inganci mai tsauri da inganci. A cikin tsarin samarwa, ana gudanar da cikakken gwajin kadarorin jiki akan kowane yanki na kayan granite don tabbatar da cewa tsarin cikinsa iri ɗaya ne kuma ba tare da lahani a bayyane ba. Bayan an kammala sarrafa dandamali, ana amfani da kayan aikin gwajin girgiza mai zurfi don kwaikwayon yanayin girgiza daban-daban masu rikitarwa don gwada dandamalin. Ta hanyar firikwensin motsi na laser mai inganci, sa ido kan canje-canjen ƙaura na kowane wuri a saman dandamalin yayin aikin girgiza, kuma ana aika bayanan zuwa tsarin sarrafa bayanai na ƙwararru don yin nazari. Sai lokacin da alamun girgiza na dandamalin suka yi daidai da ƙa'idodin ƙimar kariya daga girgiza, ana ba su damar shiga kasuwa.
A taƙaice, dandamalin dutse mai siffar dutse tare da ma'aunin kimiyya mai hana girgiza, kyakkyawan aikin kariya daga girgiza da kuma ingantaccen kula da inganci, don samar da masana'antu da ayyukan bincike na kimiyya a cikin manyan ayyuka don samar da tallafi mai dorewa, shine neman daidaito da amincin zaɓin.
Lokacin Saƙo: Maris-28-2025