A cikin duniyar masana'anta madaidaici, inda daidaiton matakin nanometer zai iya yin ko karya samfur, ƙayyadaddun dandamalin gwaji yana tsaye azaman tushe mai mahimmanci don aunawa abin dogaro. A ZHHIMG, mun shafe shekaru da yawa muna kammala fasaha da kimiyya na samar da kayan aikin granite, tare da haɗa fasahar gargajiya tare da fasahar zamani don isar da filaye waɗanda ke zama mafi mahimmanci ga masana'antu tun daga masana'anta na semiconductor zuwa injiniyan sararin samaniya. Hanyar bambancin kusurwa, ginshiƙi na tsarin tabbatar da ingancin mu, yana wakiltar kololuwar wannan biɗan-haɗa daidaiton lissafi tare da ƙwarewar hannu don tabbatar da daidaito ta hanyoyin da ke ƙalubalantar iyakokin fasahar aunawa.
Ilimin Kimiyya Bayan Tabbatarwa Lalacewa
Matakan gwaji na Granite, galibi ana kiransu da dandamali na “marble” a cikin jargon masana'antu, ana ƙera su daga zaɓaɓɓun ma'ajiyar dutsen da aka zaɓa don ingantaccen tsarin su na crystal da kwanciyar hankali. Ba kamar filaye masu ƙarfe waɗanda za su iya nuna nakasar filastik a ƙarƙashin damuwa, ZHHIMG® baƙar fata - tare da nauyin kusan 3100 kg/m³ - yana kiyaye amincinsa har ma a cikin mahallin masana'antu. Wannan fa'idar ta dabi'a ta zama ginshiƙi don daidaitonmu, amma daidaito na gaskiya yana buƙatar tabbatarwa mai ƙarfi ta hanyoyi kamar dabarar bambancin kusurwa.
Hanyar bambance-bambancen kusurwa tana aiki akan ƙa'ida mai sauƙi mai yaudara: ta hanyar auna kusurwoyi na karkata tsakanin wuraren da ke kusa, za mu iya sake gina hoton sa da madaidaicin madaidaici. Masu fasahar mu suna farawa ta hanyar sanya farantin gada daidai sanye take da ingantattun na'urori a saman saman granite. Matsar da tsari cikin tsari mai siffar tauraro ko grid, suna yin rikodin saɓani na kusurwa a cikin tazarar da aka riga aka ƙayyade, suna ƙirƙirar taswirar dalla-dalla na dandali. Ana canza waɗannan ma'auni na kusurwa zuwa karkatattun layi ta amfani da lissafin trigonometric, yana bayyana bambance-bambancen saman da sau da yawa faɗuwa ƙasa da tsayin haske na bayyane.
Abin da ya sa wannan hanyar ta kasance mai ƙarfi musamman ita ce ikonta na sarrafa manyan dandamali-wasu tsayin tsayin mita 20-tare da daidaito daidai. Yayin da ƙananan filaye na iya dogara da kayan aikin auna kai tsaye kamar na'urar interferometers na Laser, bambancin kusurwa ya yi fice wajen ɗaukar yaƙin da ba a sani ba wanda zai iya faruwa a cikin tsararren granite. Wang Jian, babban jami'in binciken yanayin mu wanda ya shafe shekaru 35 yana da gogewa, ya ce: "Mun taba gano wata karkatacciyar hanya ta 0.002mm a kan wani dandali na mita 4 wanda da ba a gano shi ta hanyar al'ada ba." "Wannan matakin madaidaicin yana da mahimmanci lokacin da kuke gina kayan aikin binciken semiconductor waɗanda ke auna fasalin nanoscale."
Haɓaka hanyar bambancin kusurwa shine fasahar autocollimator, wanda ke amfani da daidaitawar gani don cimma sakamako iri ɗaya. Ta hanyar nuna hasken haɗaɗɗun madaidaicin madubin da ke hawa akan gada mai motsi, ƙwararrunmu za su iya gano sauye-sauye masu kama da ƙanana kamar 0.1 arcseconds-daidai da auna faɗin gashin ɗan adam daga nisan kilomita 2. Wannan tsarin tabbatarwa guda biyu yana tabbatar da cewa kowane dandamali na ZHHIMG ya cika ko ya wuce ka'idojin kasa da kasa, gami da DIN 876 da ASME B89.3.7, yana ba abokan cinikinmu kwarin gwiwa don amfani da saman mu azaman madaidaicin tunani a cikin matakan sarrafa ingancin su.
Ƙimar Ƙirƙira: Daga Quarry zuwa Ƙa'ida
Tafiya daga danyen granite toshe zuwa ƙwararrun dandali na gwaji shaida ce ga auren kamalar yanayi da basirar ɗan adam. Tsarinmu yana farawa ne da zaɓin kayan aiki, inda masana kimiyyar ƙasa ke ɗaukar shinge daga ƙwararrun ƙwararru a lardin Shandong, wanda ya shahara wajen samar da dutsen dutse tare da na musamman. Kowane toshe yana fuskantar gwajin ultrasonic don gano ɓoyayyen ɓoyayyen ɓoyayyen ɓoyayyen ɓoyayyiyar, kuma waɗanda ke da ƙasa da ƙananan fashe-fashe guda uku a kowace mita mai siffar sukari suna ci gaba da samarwa-madaidaicin ƙa'idodin masana'antu.
A cikin kayan aikinmu na zamani kusa da Jinan, waɗannan tubalan ana canza su ta hanyar tsarin masana'antu na sarrafawa sosai. Injunan sarrafa lambobi na kwamfuta (CNC) sun fara yanke granite zuwa cikin 0.5mm na ma'aunin ƙarshe, ta amfani da kayan aikin lu'u-lu'u waɗanda dole ne a maye gurbinsu kowane sa'o'i 8 don kiyaye daidaitaccen yanke. Wannan siffa ta farko tana faruwa a cikin ɗakuna masu daidaita zafin jiki inda yanayin yanayi ke gudana akai-akai a 20°C ± 0.5°C, yana hana haɓakar thermal daga shafar ma'auni.
Fasahar fasaha ta gaskiya ta bayyana a matakin niƙa na ƙarshe, inda ƙwararrun masu sana'a ke amfani da fasahohin da suka shige cikin tsararraki. Aiki tare da baƙin ƙarfe oxide abrasives da aka dakatar a cikin ruwa, waɗannan masu sana'a suna ciyarwa har zuwa sa'o'i 120 da hannu don kammala kowace murabba'in mita na saman, ta yin amfani da horarwa ta hanyar taɓawa don gano karkatattun ƙananan kamar 2 microns. "Kamar ƙoƙarin jin bambanci tsakanin takaddun takarda guda biyu tare da uku," in ji Liu Wei, wani injin niƙa na ƙarni na uku wanda ya taimaka samar da dandamali na Laboratory Jet Propulsion na NASA. "Bayan shekaru 25, yatsunsu suna haɓaka ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya don kamala."
Wannan aikin jagora ba na gargajiya ba ne kawai - yana da mahimmanci don cimma matakin matakin nanometer da abokan cinikinmu ke buƙata. Ko da tare da ci-gaba na CNC grinders, bazuwar tsarin kristal na granite yana haifar da kololuwa da kwaruruka waɗanda kawai hankalin ɗan adam ke iya daidaitawa. Masu sana'ar mu suna aiki a nau'i-nau'i, suna canzawa tsakanin nika da aunawa ta amfani da Jamusanci Mahr Mita Dubu Goma (0.5μm ƙuduri) da Swiss WYLER matakan lantarki, tabbatar da cewa babu wani yanki da ya wuce iyakar mu na 3μm / m don daidaitattun dandamali da 1μm / m don daidaitattun maki.
Bayan Sama: Kula da Muhalli da Tsawon Rayuwa
Madaidaicin dandamali na granite yana da dogaro kawai kamar yanayin da yake aiki. Gane wannan, mun haɓaka abin da muka yi imani ɗaya ne daga cikin masana'antu mafi ci gaba na masana'antu zafin jiki da kuma yanayin zaman bita (zazzabi da zafi mai sarrafa bita), wanda ya kai sama da 10,000 m² a babban wurin aikinmu. Waɗannan ɗakunan sun ƙunshi benayen siminti mai kauri mai tsayi-mita 1 waɗanda ke ware ta 500mm-faɗin Anti-seismic ramuka (ramukan girgiza-jijjiga) kuma suna amfani da cranes na kan shiru waɗanda ke rage damuwa na yanayi-masu mahimmanci yayin auna karkatar da ƙasa da ƙwayar cuta.
Ma'aunin muhalli a nan ba kome ba ne mai ƙanƙanta: bambancin zafin jiki yana iyakance zuwa ± 0.1 ° C a cikin sa'o'i 24, zafi yana gudana a 50% ± 2%, kuma ana kiyaye ƙididdiga na iska a ma'aunin ISO 5 (kasa da 3,520 barbashi na 0.5μm ko mafi girma a kowace mita cubic). Irin waɗannan yanayi ba wai kawai tabbatar da ingantattun ma'auni ba yayin samarwa amma kuma suna kwaikwayi yanayin sarrafawa inda a ƙarshe za a yi amfani da dandamalinmu. "Muna gwada kowane dandali a ƙarƙashin yanayi mai tsanani fiye da abin da yawancin abokan ciniki za su taɓa fuskanta," in ji Zhang Li, ƙwararrun injiniyanmu. "Idan dandamali ya tabbatar da kwanciyar hankali a nan, zai yi aiki a ko'ina cikin duniya."
Wannan sadaukarwa ga kula da muhalli ya shimfiɗa zuwa marufi da tsarin jigilar kayayyaki. Kowane dandali an naɗe shi da kumfa mai kauri na 1cm kuma an kiyaye shi a cikin akwatunan katako na al'ada waɗanda aka jera su da kayan da ke lalata girgizawa, sannan ana jigilar su ta manyan dillalai na musamman sanye da tsarin dakatar da hawan iska. Har ma muna sa ido kan girgiza da zafin jiki yayin wucewa ta amfani da na'urori masu auna firikwensin IoT, muna ba abokan ciniki cikakken tarihin muhalli na samfuran su kafin ya bar wurinmu.
Sakamakon wannan dabarar dabarar samfuri ce mai rayuwar sabis ta musamman. Yayin da ma'aunin masana'antu ke ba da shawarar dandamalin granite na iya buƙatar sake gyarawa bayan shekaru 5-7, abokan cinikinmu galibi suna ba da rahoton ingantaccen aiki na shekaru 15 ko sama da haka. Wannan tsawon rai ya samo asali ba kawai daga yanayin kwanciyar hankali na granite ba har ma daga hanyoyin magance damuwa na mallakarmu, waɗanda suka haɗa da tsufa na ɗanyen tubalan na ɗan lokaci na tsawon watanni 24 kafin yin injin. "Mun sami abokin ciniki ya dawo da dandamali don dubawa bayan shekaru 12," in ji manajan kula da ingancin Chen Tao. "Tsarin sa ya canza da 0.8μm kawai - a cikin ƙayyadaddun haƙurinmu na asali. Wannan shine bambancin ZHHIMG."
Kafa Ma'auni: Takaddun shaida da Ganewar Duniya
A cikin masana'antar inda da'awar daidaito ta zama gama gari, tabbatarwa mai zaman kanta yana magana da yawa. ZHHIMG yana alfaharin kasancewarsa kaɗai mai kera a cikin sashinmu wanda ke riƙe da takaddun shaida na ISO 9001, ISO 45001, da ISO 14001 lokaci guda, bambance-bambancen da ke nuna sadaukarwarmu ga inganci, amincin wurin aiki, da alhakin muhalli. Kayan aikin mu na aunawa, gami da na Jamus Mahr da kayan aikin Mitutoyo na Jafananci, suna fuskantar gyare-gyare na shekara-shekara ta Cibiyar Nazarin Jihohin lardin Shandong, tare da gano ƙa'idodin ƙasa waɗanda aka kiyaye ta hanyar tantancewa na yau da kullun.
Waɗannan takaddun shaida sun buɗe kofofin haɗin gwiwa tare da wasu ƙungiyoyi masu fa'ida a duniya. Daga samar da sansanonin granite don injunan lithography na Samsung zuwa samar da filaye don Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) na Jamus, abubuwan da muke haɗawa suna taka shuru amma muhimmiyar rawa wajen haɓaka fasahar duniya. Daraktan tallace-tallace na kasa da kasa Michael Zhang ya ce "Lokacin da Apple ya tuntube mu don samar da ingantattun dandamali don gwada abubuwan da suka shafi na'urar kai ta AR, ba kawai suna son mai ba da kaya ba - suna son abokin tarayya wanda zai iya fahimtar kalubalen ma'aunin su na musamman," in ji darektan tallace-tallace na kasa da kasa Michael Zhang. "Ikon mu don keɓance tsarin dandamali na zahiri da kuma tsarin tabbatarwa ya haifar da duka."
Watakila mafi ma'ana shine karɓuwa daga cibiyoyin ilimi a sahun gaba na binciken awo. Haɗin kai tare da jami'ar ƙasar Singapore da jami'ar Stockholm ta Sweden sun taimaka mana wajen daidaita hanyoyin mu na bambance-bambancen kusurwa, yayin da ayyukan haɗin gwiwa tare da jami'ar Zhejiang ta kasar Sin ke ci gaba da tura iyakokin abin da za a iya aunawa. Waɗannan haɗin gwiwar suna tabbatar da cewa fasahohinmu suna tasowa tare da sabbin fasahohi, daga ƙididdigar ƙididdiga zuwa masana'antar baturi na gaba.
Yayin da muke duban gaba, ƙa'idodin da ke ƙarƙashin hanyar bambancin kusurwa sun kasance masu dacewa kamar koyaushe. A cikin zamanin haɓaka aiki da kai, mun gano cewa mafi ingancin ma'auni har yanzu suna fitowa daga haɗin fasahar ci gaba da ƙwarewar ɗan adam. Jagoranmu, tare da ikon su na "ji" microns na karkacewa, suna aiki tare da tsarin nazarin bayanan da ke amfani da AI wanda ke aiwatar da dubban maki a cikin daƙiƙa. Wannan haɗin gwiwa-tsohuwa da sabo, ɗan adam da na'ura-yana bayyana tsarinmu na daidaito.
Ga injiniyoyi da ƙwararrun ƙwararrun da ke da alhakin tabbatar da daidaiton samfuran nasu, zaɓin dandalin gwaji yana da tushe. Ba wai kawai gamuwa da ƙayyadaddun bayanai bane amma game da kafa wata ma'anar da za su iya amincewa da ita a fakaice. A ZHHIMG, ba kawai muna gina dandali na dutse ba - muna haɓaka kwarin gwiwa. Kuma a cikin duniyar da mafi ƙarancin ma'auni zai iya yin tasiri mafi girma, wannan amincewa shine komai.
Lokacin aikawa: Nuwamba-03-2025