A fannin kera daidai gwargwado da kuma ci gaba da bincike a fannin kimiyya, zaɓin tushe na daidaitaccen dandamalin iyo na iska mai matsin lamba mai tsauri shine babban abin da ke tantance aikin sa. Tushen daidaiton dutse da tushen yumbu suna da nasu halaye, suna nuna fa'idodi da halaye daban-daban a cikin kwanciyar hankali, daidaiton kulawa, dorewa da sauransu.
Kwanciyar hankali: Tsarin halitta idan aka kwatanta da na roba
Bayan dogon sauyi a fannin ƙasa, dutse yana haɗe da ma'adanai na quartz, feldspar da sauran ma'adanai, wanda hakan ke samar da tsari mai yawa da daidaito. Idan aka fuskanci tsangwama daga waje, kamar girgizar da ke faruwa ta hanyar amfani da manyan kayan aiki a cikin masana'antar, tushen dutse zai iya toshewa da rage shi yadda ya kamata, wanda zai iya rage girman girgizar da ke cikin dandamalin iska mai matsin lamba mai tsauri fiye da 80%, yana samar da tushen aiki mai ƙarfi ga dandamalin don tabbatar da motsi mai santsi a cikin sarrafawa ko ganowa mai inganci. Misali, a cikin tsarin lithography na kera guntu na semiconductor, tushen dutse mai karko zai iya tabbatar da ingantaccen aikin kayan aikin lithography na guntu da kuma cimma daidaito mai kyau na tsarin guntu.
An yi tushen yumbu ta hanyar haɗakar roba da fasaha mai ci gaba, kuma tsarin cikinsa shi ma iri ɗaya ne kuma yana da kyawawan halaye na rage girgiza. Lokacin da ake magance girgiza gabaɗaya, yana iya ƙirƙirar yanayi mai ɗorewa na aiki don daidaitaccen dandamalin iyo na iska mai matsin lamba. Duk da haka, a fuskar ƙarfi mai yawa da girgiza mai ɗorewa, ikon rage girgizarsa ya ɗan yi ƙasa da na tushen granite, kuma yana da wuya a rage tsangwamar girgiza zuwa matakin ƙasa ɗaya, wanda zai iya yin tasiri ga motsi mai matuƙar daidaito na dandamalin.
Riƙewa daidai: ƙarancin faɗaɗa fa'idodin halitta da kuma sarrafa daidaiton wucin gadi
An san Granite saboda ƙarancin yawan faɗaɗa zafi, yawanci a 5-7 × 10⁻⁶/℃. A yanayin canjin zafin jiki, girman tushen daidaiton granite yana canzawa kaɗan. A fannin ilmin taurari, daidaitaccen dandamalin iska mai matsin lamba mai tsauri don daidaita ruwan tabarau na hangen nesa an haɗa shi da tushen granite, koda kuwa bambancin zafin rana da dare yana da mahimmanci, yana iya tabbatar da cewa daidaiton wurin da ruwan tabarau yake a matakin submicron, yana taimaka wa masana ilmin taurari su kama yanayin motsin jikin sama mai nisa.
Kayan yumbu suna da kyau kwarai da gaske dangane da kwanciyar hankali na zafi, kuma yawan faɗaɗa zafin wasu yumbu masu aiki mai girma na iya zama ƙasa da sifili kuma ana iya tsara su daidai ta hanyar tsari da tsari. A wasu kayan aikin aunawa masu saurin amsawa ga zafin jiki, tushen yumbu na iya kiyaye girman da ya dace lokacin da zafin ya canza, yana tabbatar da daidaiton motsi na madaidaicin matsin lamba mai tsauri na iska mai iyo. Duk da haka, daidaiton sa na dogon lokaci a aikace-aikacen aikace-aikace yana shafar abubuwa kamar tsufa na kayan kuma yana buƙatar ƙarin tabbatarwa.
Dorewa: Babban tauri dutse na halitta da kayan roba masu jure tsatsa
Taurin granite yana da girma, taurin Mohs zai iya kaiwa 6-7, juriyar lalacewa mai kyau. A dakin gwaje-gwajen kimiyya, dandamalin iska mai matsakaicin matsin lamba, wanda ake amfani da shi akai-akai, zai iya jure asarar gogayya na dogon lokaci, idan aka kwatanta da tushe na yau da kullun, zai iya tsawaita zagayowar kula da dandamalin da fiye da 50%, rage farashin kula da kayan aiki, da kuma tabbatar da ci gaba da aikin binciken kimiyya. Duk da haka, kayan granite suna da rauni sosai, akwai haɗarin fashewa idan aka yi kuskure.
Tushen yumbu ba wai kawai yana da tauri ba, har ma yana da kyakkyawan juriya ga tsatsa. A cikin yanayin masana'antu inda akwai haɗarin tsatsa na sinadarai, kamar dandamalin iska mai tsafta na hydrostatic a cikin kayan aikin duba samfuran sinadarai, tudun yumbu suna tsayayya da iskar gas ko ruwa mai lalata, suna kiyaye amincin saman da halayen injiniya na dogon lokaci. A cikin yanayi mai tsanani kamar zafi mai yawa, kwanciyar hankali na aikin tudun yumbu ya fi na tudun dutse kyau.
Kudin masana'antu da wahalar sarrafawa: ƙalubalen haƙar ma'adinai na dutse na halitta da kuma matakin fasaha na haɗakar wucin gadi
Haƙar ma'adinai da jigilar kayan dutse suna da sarkakiya, kuma sarrafa su yana buƙatar kayan aiki da fasaha mai ƙarfi sosai. Saboda tsananin taurinsa, karyewar sa, yankewa, niƙawa, gogewa da sauran hanyoyin aiki suna iya rugujewa, fashewa, da kuma yawan ɓarna, wanda ke haifar da tsadar masana'antu.
Kera tushen yumbu ya dogara ne akan fasahar hadawa da daidaiton injina, tun daga shirya kayan aiki, gyare-gyare zuwa sintering, kowane mataki yana buƙatar a sarrafa shi daidai. Bincike da haɓakawa da farko da saka hannun jari a kayan aiki yana da babban matakin fasaha. Duk da haka, tare da faɗaɗa girman samarwa, ana sa ran za a rage farashin, kuma yana da yuwuwar rage farashi a cikin aikace-aikacen masu inganci.
Gabaɗaya, ginshiƙan daidai gwargwado na granite suna aiki da kyau a cikin kwanciyar hankali da dorewar al'ada, yayin da ginshiƙan yumbu suna da fa'idodi na musamman a cikin yanayin zafi mai tsanani da juriyar tsatsa. Zaɓin ginshiƙin ya kamata ya dogara ne akan takamaiman yanayin aikace-aikacen, yanayin muhalli da kasafin kuɗin farashin dandamalin iyo na iska mai matsin lamba mai tsauri.
Lokacin Saƙo: Afrilu-10-2025