Menene NDE?

Menene NDE?

Ƙimar Nodestructive (NDE) kalma ce da ake yawan amfani da ita tare da NDT.Koyaya, a zahiri, ana amfani da NDE don bayyana ma'auni waɗanda suka fi ƙima a yanayi.Misali, hanyar NDE ba wai kawai ta gano wani lahani ba, amma kuma za a yi amfani da ita don auna wani abu game da wannan lahani kamar girmansa, siffarsa, da daidaitawarsa.Ana iya amfani da NDE don ƙayyade kaddarorin abu, kamar taurin karye, tsari, da sauran halaye na zahiri.

Wasu fasahohin NDT/NDE:

Mutane da yawa sun riga sun saba da wasu fasahohin da ake amfani da su a cikin NDT da NDE daga amfani da su a cikin masana'antar likita.Yawancin mutane kuma an dauki hoton X-ray kuma iyaye mata da yawa sun yi amfani da duban dan tayi da likitoci suka yi amfani da su don yi wa jaririnsu gwajin yayin da suke cikin ciki.X-ray da duban dan tayi kadan ne daga cikin fasahar da ake amfani da su a fagen NDT/NDE.Yawan hanyoyin dubawa yana da alama yana girma kowace rana, amma an bayar da taƙaitaccen taƙaitaccen hanyoyin da aka fi amfani da su a ƙasa.

Gwajin gani da gani (VT)

Hanyar NDT mafi asali ita ce jarrabawar gani.Masu binciken gani suna bin hanyoyin da suka bambanta daga kallon sashe kawai don ganin idan ana iya ganin lahani, zuwa yin amfani da tsarin kyamarar da ke sarrafa kwamfuta don gane da auna fasalin abun da ke ciki ta atomatik.

Radiyo (RT)

RT ya ƙunshi amfani da raɗaɗin gamma- ko X-radiation don bincika lahani na kayan da samfur da fasalin ciki.Ana amfani da injin X-ray ko isotope na rediyoaktif azaman tushen radiation.Radiation ana ba da umarni ta wani bangare kuma a kan fim ko wasu kafofin watsa labarai.Sakamakon inuwa yana nuna fasalin ciki da ingancin sashin.Ana nuna kaurin abu da sauye-sauye masu yawa azaman wurare masu sauƙi ko duhu akan fim ɗin.Wurare masu duhu a cikin radiyon da ke ƙasa suna wakiltar ɓoyayyen ɓoyayyiyar ciki a cikin ɓangaren.

Gwajin Magnetic Particle (MT)

Ana samun wannan hanyar NDT ta hanyar shigar da filin maganadisu a cikin wani abu na ferromagnetic sa'an nan kuma a zubar da saman saman tare da barbashi na ƙarfe (ko dai bushe ko an dakatar da shi cikin ruwa).Laifin saman da kusa da saman suna samar da sandunan maganadisu ko kuma karkatar da filin maganadisu ta yadda za a ja hankalin ɓangarorin ƙarfe da tattara su.Wannan yana haifar da alamar lahani na bayyane akan saman kayan.Hotunan da ke ƙasa suna nuna wani sashi kafin da bayan dubawa ta amfani da busassun ƙwayoyin maganadisu.

Gwajin Ultrasonic (UT)

A cikin gwaji na ultrasonic, ana watsa raƙuman sauti masu tsayi a cikin wani abu don gano lahani ko gano canje-canje a cikin kayan abu.Fasahar gwajin ultrasonic da aka fi amfani da ita ita ce bugun bugun jini, ta yadda ake shigar da sauti a cikin wani abu na gwaji da tunani (echoes) daga lahani na ciki ko kuma a mayar da filaye na geometrical zuwa mai karɓa.A ƙasa akwai misalin duban walƙiya mai ƙarfi.Yi la'akari da nunin da ke ƙara zuwa saman iyakar allon.Ana samar da wannan alamar ta hanyar sautin da ke fitowa daga wani lahani a cikin walda.

Gwajin Penetrant (PT)

An lulluɓe abin gwajin da wani bayani wanda ya ƙunshi rini na gani ko kyalli.Ana cire maganin da ya wuce kima daga saman abin amma a bar shi cikin lahani.Ana amfani da mai haɓakawa don zana mai shiga cikin lahani.Tare da rini mai kyalli, ana amfani da hasken ultraviolet don sa fitar da jini ya haskaka sosai, don haka yana ba da damar a iya ganin lahani cikin sauri.Tare da rini na bayyane, bambance-bambancen launi masu haske tsakanin mai shiga da mai haɓakawa suna sa “jini” mai sauƙin gani.Alamun ja da ke ƙasa suna wakiltar lahani da yawa a cikin wannan ɓangaren.

Gwajin Electromagnetic (ET)

Ana samar da igiyoyin lantarki (eddy currents) a cikin kayan aiki ta hanyar sauya filin maganadisu.Ana iya auna ƙarfin waɗannan magudanar ruwa.Lalacewar kayan aiki na haifar da katsewa a cikin kwararar igiyoyin ruwa waɗanda ke faɗakar da mai duba zuwa gaban lahani.Har ila yau, motsin Eddy yana tasiri ta hanyar haɓakar lantarki da ƙarfin maganadisu na wani abu, wanda ke ba da damar daidaita wasu kayan bisa waɗannan kaddarorin.Ma'aikacin da ke ƙasa yana duba reshen jirgin sama don lahani.

Gwajin Leak (LT)

Ana amfani da dabaru da yawa don ganowa da gano ɗigogi a cikin sassan matsi, tasoshin matsa lamba, da tsarin.Ana iya gano magudanar ruwa ta amfani da na'urorin sauraron lantarki, ma'aunin ma'aunin matsi, dabarun shigar ruwa da gas, da/ko gwajin kumfa mai sauƙi.

Gwajin Acoustic Emission (AE)

Lokacin da aka damu da ƙaƙƙarfan abu, rashin cikawa a cikin kayan yana fitar da gajeriyar fashewar kuzarin sauti da ake kira "aikin hayaki."Kamar a cikin gwajin ultrasonic, ana iya gano fitar da sauti ta masu karɓa na musamman.Ana iya kimanta hanyoyin fitar da hayaki ta hanyar nazarin ƙarfinsu da lokacin isowa don tattara bayanai game da tushen makamashi, kamar wurin da suke.