Menene NDE?
Kimantawa mara lalata (NDE) kalma ce da ake amfani da ita sau da yawa a musanya da NDT. Duk da haka, a zahiri, ana amfani da NDE don bayyana ma'aunai waɗanda suka fi yawa a yanayi. Misali, hanyar NDE ba wai kawai za ta gano lahani ba, har ma za a yi amfani da ita don auna wani abu game da lahani kamar girmansa, siffarsa, da yanayinsa. Ana iya amfani da NDE don tantance halayen kayan aiki, kamar taurin karyewa, tsari, da sauran halaye na zahiri.
Wasu Fasahar NDT/NDE:
Mutane da yawa sun riga sun saba da wasu fasahohin da ake amfani da su a NDT da NDE daga amfaninsu a masana'antar likitanci. Yawancin mutane an kuma yi musu X-ray kuma iyaye mata da yawa sun yi amfani da ultrasound da likitoci suka yi musu don duba jaririnsu yayin da yake cikin mahaifa. X-ray da ultrasound kaɗan ne kawai daga cikin fasahohin da ake amfani da su a fannin NDT/NDE. Yawan hanyoyin dubawa yana ƙaruwa kowace rana, amma an bayar da taƙaitaccen bayani game da hanyoyin da aka fi amfani da su a ƙasa.
Gwajin Ganuwa da na gani (VT)
Hanya mafi sauƙi ta NDT ita ce duba ido. Masu duba ido suna bin hanyoyin da suka kama daga kallon wani ɓangare don ganin ko akwai kurakuran saman da ke bayyane, zuwa amfani da tsarin kyamara mai sarrafa kwamfuta don gane da auna fasalulluka na wani ɓangare ta atomatik.
Radiography (RT)
RT ya ƙunshi amfani da hasken gamma ko X don bincika lahani na abu da samfurin da fasalulluka na ciki. Ana amfani da injin X-ray ko isotope na rediyoaktif a matsayin tushen hasken. Ana jagorantar hasken ta wani ɓangare kuma a kan fim ko wani kafofin watsa labarai. Sakamakon zane yana nuna siffofin ciki da ingancin ɓangaren. Kauri da canje-canjen yawa ana nuna su a matsayin wurare masu haske ko duhu a kan fim ɗin. Yankunan duhu a cikin hoton rediyo da ke ƙasa suna wakiltar ramuka na ciki a cikin ɓangaren.
Gwajin Magnetic Barbashi (MT)
Ana cimma wannan hanyar NDT ta hanyar haifar da filin maganadisu a cikin kayan ferromagnetic sannan a shafa masa ƙura a saman da ƙwayoyin ƙarfe (ko dai busasshe ko kuma an dakatar da su a cikin ruwa). Kurakuran saman da na kusa suna haifar da sandunan maganadisu ko kuma suna karkatar da filin maganadisu ta yadda ƙwayoyin ƙarfe za su jawo hankali da tattarawa. Wannan yana haifar da wata alama ta lahani a saman kayan. Hotunan da ke ƙasa suna nuna wani abu kafin da bayan dubawa ta amfani da ƙwayoyin maganadisu busassu.
Gwajin Ultrasonic (UT)
A gwajin ultrasonic, ana aika raƙuman sauti masu yawan mita zuwa wani abu don gano lahani ko don gano canje-canje a cikin halayen abu. Hanyar gwajin ultrasonic da aka fi amfani da ita ita ce amsawar bugun jini, inda ake shigar da sauti cikin abin gwaji kuma ana mayar da shi ga mai karɓa. A ƙasa akwai misali na duba walda mai shear wave. Lura da alamar da ta miƙe zuwa saman allon. Ana samar da wannan alamar ta hanyar sauti da aka nuna daga lahani a cikin walda.
Gwajin Shiga Jiki (PT)
Ana shafa wa abin gwajin maganin da ke ɗauke da rini mai haske ko mai haske. Sannan ana cire ruwan da ya wuce kima daga saman abin amma ana barinsa a cikin lahani masu lalacewa. Sannan ana amfani da mai haɓaka don cire ruwan da ke shiga daga lahani. Tare da rini mai haske, ana amfani da hasken ultraviolet don sa jinin ya yi haske sosai, don haka ana iya ganin kurakurai cikin sauƙi. Tare da rini mai haske, bambancin launi mai haske tsakanin mai shiga da mai haɓakawa yana sa "jini" ya zama mai sauƙin gani. Alamun ja da ke ƙasa suna wakiltar wasu lahani a cikin wannan ɓangaren.
EGwajin lectromagnetic (ET)
Ana samar da kwararar lantarki (eddy currents) a cikin kayan aiki mai sarrafawa ta hanyar canjin filin maganadisu. Ana iya auna ƙarfin waɗannan kwararar lantarki. Lalacewar kayan aiki yana haifar da katsewa a cikin kwararar kwararar lantarki wanda ke sanar da mai duba game da kasancewar lahani. Hakanan kwararar lantarki da kuma ikon maganadisu na wani abu suna shafar kwararar lantarki, wanda hakan ke ba da damar rarraba wasu kayayyaki bisa ga waɗannan kaddarorin. Mai fasaha a ƙasa yana duba reshe na jirgin sama don ganin lahani.
Gwajin Zubewa (LT)
Ana amfani da dabaru da dama don gano da kuma gano ɓuɓɓugar ruwa a sassan da ke ɗauke da matsi, tasoshin matsi, da kuma gine-gine. Ana iya gano ɓuɓɓugar ruwa ta amfani da na'urorin sauraro na lantarki, ma'aunin ma'aunin matsi, dabarun shigar ruwa da iskar gas, da/ko gwajin kumfa mai sauƙi na sabulu.
Gwajin Watsawar Acoustic (AE)
Idan aka matsa wa abu mai ƙarfi, kurakurai a cikin kayan suna fitar da ɗan gajeren ƙarfin sauti da ake kira "emissions." Kamar yadda yake a gwajin ultrasonic, ana iya gano hayakin sauti ta hanyar masu karɓa na musamman. Ana iya kimanta tushen hayakin ta hanyar nazarin ƙarfinsu da lokacin isowa don tattara bayanai game da tushen makamashin, kamar wurin da suke.
If you want to know more information or have any questions or need any further assistance about NDE, please contact us freely: info@zhhimg.com
Lokacin Saƙo: Disamba-27-2021